A sovereign island nation in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, located about 2,000 km southeast of Australia. It comprises two main landmasses—the North Island and the South Island—along with numerous smaller islands, and is known for its varied landscapes, including mountains, forests, and coastal plains.
Population:
Approximately 5.27 million people as of early 2026, making it one of the smaller nations by population globally.
Brief History:
New Zealand was first settled by Polynesian navigators (the Māori) around the 13th century. European exploration and settlement began in the 18th century, and in 1840, many Māori chiefs and representatives of Great Britain signed the Treaty of Waitangi, initiating British colonial governance. New Zealand gradually gained self-government and became an independent dominion in 1907, later developing into a fully sovereign parliamentary democracy.
Current Day:
Today, New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government and a strong commitment to democratic institutions. Its economy includes agriculture, services, and technology sectors, while society reflects a multicultural mix with significant Māori cultural influence. New Zealand is active in international diplomacy, environmental conservation, and Pacific regional affairs.
Image Credit: By Gringer – Own work, Public Domain [Accessed 28/01/2026]
